Hands-on lab · 2 steps
Prepare the W state and measure its entanglement
The three-qubit W state has bond dimension at both cuts, so a short sequential circuit prepares it. In the first step you build such a circuit from , , controlled- and CNOT gates. In the second step you compute the entanglement entropy of one qubit from its Schmidt spectrum.
Step 1: Prepare |W₃⟩ with at most 8 gates
Starting from , build a circuit that outputs Qubit is the leftmost (most significant) bit, , so , and applies to qubit when qubit is . Allowed gates: , , and , at most gates in total. The grader requires the fidelity .
A workable plan, following the sequential construction of the lesson: (1) put the amplitudes and on qubit ; (2) split the weight- branch evenly with one controlled rotation onto qubit , so that qubits hold ; (3) write the missing bit into qubit .
Step 2: Entanglement entropy of one qubit of |W₃⟩
Let be the reduced state of qubit . Compute its von Neumann entropy where are the Schmidt coefficients of across the cut between qubit and qubits . Give the value in bits (). The grader accepts an absolute error of .